Apparatus for generating steam by the burning of fuel in suspension



Nov. 4, 1930. J, VANHBRUNT 1,780,283

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSI ON ilMar 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVEN TOR VAN BRUNT APPARATUS FOR GENERATIN GSTEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSION Filed March 27, 1926 4Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR A TTORNBYS' Nov. 4, 1930. 1,780,283

APPARATUS FOR GVEIJNERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSIONJ. VAN BRUNT 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 27, 1926 INVENTOR W ATTORNEY34 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR` ATTORNEYS Nov. 4, 1930. 1. VAN BRUNTAPPARATUS FOR GENERATING STEAM BY THE BURNING OF, FUEL IN SUSPENSIONFiled March 27, 1926 Patented Nov. 4, 1930 UNITED STATES' PATE-NT'OFFICE JOHN VAH IBRUNT, OF FLUSHING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR 'ro{INTERNATIONAL COM- BUSTION ENGINEEBING CORPORATION,

:DELAWARE OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A. COBPORATION OF APPARATUS FOR GENERATINGSTEAM BY THE BURNING OF FUEL IN SUSPENSION Application filed March 27,1926. Serial No.-97,873.

This invention relates to generation of steam, and is particularlyuseful where the fuel is to be burned in suspension, as is the case, forexample, with pulverizedcoal.

The nature of the invention and its objects Will be best understood fromthe following brief statement. 6

There are a number of diferent forms of standard boilers now verylargely used, but the development of the power requirements has been sorapid that standard forms of boilers are incapable of enerating thesteam required, that is to say, t ey are incapable of developing th'ecapacities needed to meet modern power requirements.

There are many such standard boiler installations now in existence, andit is one of the primary objects of my invention to convert theseexisting boilers into high Capacity boilers in a simple and effectivemanner.

The invention is also useful in the making of new installations where itis desirable to employ, in combination therewith, standard boilers ormaterial parts of standard boiler constructions.

How the foregoing, together with such other objects as may hereinafterappear, or

are incident to my invention, are realized, is illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical section through aLadd type of boiler equipped with my improvements.

Fig. 2 is a similar cross section illustratng the application of myimprovements to a horizontal tubular boiler. I

Fig'. 3 is a similar view illustratng the application of my improvementsto an 1nclined tubular boiler, such as a Sterling boiler.

Fig. 4, is a section illustrating the applcation of my improvements to aboiler of the cross drum type L w Referring now to Fig. 1, the referencecharacter A in general denotes a Ladd holer with its refractory setting.In the main this voiler comprises an upper drum-7, a lower drum 8, and abank of connecting tubes 9, such tubes being suitably baflied to providean desired number of passes.

`In applying my mventon to such a boiler installation I rip out thatportion of the sct- I tng n front of the boiler and substitute itherefor a combustion chamber indicated, as a whole, by the reference B,this combustion chamber being set in front of the boiler in such mannerthat that part of the space in front of the boiler which constituted aportion of the original combustion chamber becomes the oli-take of'theinstallation, in consequence of which the original boiler becomes, inefi'ect, an economizer section or sec tions located in such ^oif-take.

To be more specific the combustion chamber B is composed of tubularboiler'elements i arranged in the shape of a furnace. This combustionchamber includes the front and rear tubular water walls 10 and 11, whichwalls are preferably composed of tubes having longitudinal fins 12; theside water walls 13 composed of similarly finned tubes; the top tubularwater wall 14; the tubular screen 15 to be more particularly described',and the headers 16 and 17, and the drums 18 and 19.

The tubes of the water wall 10 .are connected at their lower ends intothe drum 19, h

and at their upper ends into the header 16. The tubes of the rear waterwall 11, have their lower ends connected into the header 17 and theirupper ends connected into the! drum 18; the tubes of the side walls havetheir lower ends connected into the headers 20 and their upper endsconnected into the headers 21 The headers 20 are connected at one endinto the drun`l9, and the headers 21 are connected at their oppositeends into the drum 18. The tubes of the top wall 14: are connected atone end into the header 16 'and at the other endinto the drum 18. Thetubes of the water screen 15 have one end connected into the drum 19 andthe other end into the header` 17. The top Wall and the. water screenare inclined as shown, and

the drum 19 is supplied from the drum 8 by asuitable pipe or pipes 22,whereby'circulation takes place from the drum 19 upwardly through all ofthe tubes described, circulation with the standard boiler 'beingcompleted by virtue of the connecting ppes 23 which lead from the drum 18 to the upper drum 7.

The tubes of the screen 15 are spaced'rather wdely apart and constitutethe outlet 'rom the combustion chamber formed by the furnace-shapedboiler, below which outlet is the ash pit 24 communicating at the rearwith the off-take 25 from the 'urnace previously generally described.

The powdered coal is admitted preferably by burner means located at theupper corners of the furnace shaped boiler diagrammatically indicate'dat 26. The pulverzed `coal preferably with preheated air for combustion,is admitted through and at the burners,

`producing a violently swirling vertical type of combustion, withconsequent short' 1ntensely hot flame, which flame terminates short ofthe screen 15 under normal Operating conditions. V

The water walls of the furnace shaped boiler being subject to radiantheat, transmit heat at a very high rate indeed, in consequence of whichthere is not only a very rapid circulation through the tubes of thewater walls, but also a very rapid circulation through the standardboiler at the rear of the combustion chamber. Hence, the Capacity of theinstallation is greatly increased, and this with the addition of arelatively small combustion chamber of very simple Construction.Furthermor, the relation between the rate of fuel being fed under normalconditions and the Volume of the combustion chamber, i. e., the amount'of evaporating surface, is such that the gases leave the lower portionof the combustion chamber at a very high temperature by virte of whichit is desirable to locate the superheater elements 26 in the off-takewith the preheater means (not shown) located beyond the standard boiler.By virtue of the high degree of heat of the gases leaving the combustionspace, the standard boiler becomes an' unusually efi'ective economizersection.

Referring now to the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen thatthe same general type of furnace shaped tubular boiler, combustionchamber is provided in front of part of the boiler setting. `In thiscase, however, a downcomer or downcomers22 lead from the rear headers 27of the hori- `zontal tubular boiler C and upcomers 28 lead from the drum18 to the headers 29 of the boiler. In all'other essential respects theinstallation and its operation is the same as that previously described.

Referring to F ig. 3, I have illustrated the application of the tubularcombustion chamber described in front of a Sterling boiler. A

Referring now to Fig. 4, I have heren illustrated an installation verymuch like that shown in Fig. 2. In this case, however, there aredowncomer means 35 leading froni the drum 36 to the drum 19, and thereare upcomer means 37 leading from the drum 18 to the drum 36. Also, thetubes of the water screen 15 are curved as shown to provide an outletfrom the combustion chamber B cooperating efl'ectively with the outlet38 leading to the off-take 39, as will be readily understood frominspection of the figures.

Other advantages will occur to those skilled in the art.

I claim 1. The combination with a boiler having a bank of convectiontubes and its setting, of a combustion chamber having its walls largelydefined by steam generating tubes sulnect to radiant heat, the tubes ofat least oneof said walls being upright and provided with longitudinallyextending fins, a gas space between the combustion chamber and theboiler, said gas space being'defined in part by convection tubes of theboiler and in part by finned upright tubes of the combustion chamber, agas inlet for said gas space establishing communication between thecombustion chamber and the gas space and a gas outlet for said gas spaceestablishing communication between it and the boiler,

2. In combination, a combustion chamber having walls thereof defined byupright steam evaporating tubes, a bank of upright convection tubesspaced from one of said upright walls of the combustion chamber, tubesof said bank forming with the tubes of said upright wall an uprightpassage through which gases leaving the combustion chamber must passbefore passin amongst the tubes of the convection ban and a superheaterlocated in saidpassage.

3. In combination, a combustion chamber having its upright walls definedby steam evaporating tubes and having an outlet for the products ofcombustion across which spaced evaporating tubes eXtend, a bank ofconvection tubes spaced from said combustion chamber and defining withan upright tubular wall of the combustion chamber an upright gas passagehaving communication with said outlet, bafie means associated with saidbank of tubes' for providing a plurality of gas passes amongst the tubesof the bank and providing communication between said passes and said gaspassage.

4. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubes, of acombustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space betweenthe combustion chamber and the bank of convection boiler tubes, boilertubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion space thereofincluding upright boiler.

ducng fuel into the combustion chamber to be burned in space therein.

' 5. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubesof acombustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space betweenthe combustion chamber and the bank of convection boiler tubes, boilertubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion spacethereofincluding upright boiler tubes constituting a dividing wallbetween the combustion chamber and the gas space, said combustionchamber having an outlet in its lower portion communicating with the gasspace at its lower portion, and said gas space having an outlet at itsupper portion through which gases may pass` to the bank of convectionboiler tubes, and means for introducing fuel into the combustion chamberto be burned in space therein.

6. The combination with a bank of convection boiler tubes, of acombustion chamber located to one side of said bank, a gas space betweenthe combustion chanber and` the bank of convection boiler tubes, boilertubes in said chamber largely defining the combustion space thereofincluding 'upright boiler tubes constituting a dividing wall between thecombustion chamber and the gas space, said combustion chamber having anoutlet in its lower portion communicating with the gas space at itslower portion, and said gas space having an outlet at its upper portionthrough which gases may pass to the bank of convection boiler tubes, andmeans for introducing fuel into the combustion chamber to be burned inspace thereon, together with a superheater located in said gas space.

7. The combination with a furnace shaped I 4 tubular boiler having anupper drum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substantiallyall of said tubes being exposed to radiant heat, of a bank of convectiontubes, an upper drum to which the upper ends of sad convection tubes areconnected, means connecting said first drum with said latter drum andmeans connecting the lower ends of the said convection tubes to thetubes of the furnace shaped boiler.

8. The combination with afurnace shaped tubular boiler having an upperdrum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substantially allof said tubes being exposed to radiant heat, of a bank of convectiontubes, an upper drum to which the upper ends of said convection tubesare connected, means connecting said first drum with said latter drumand means connecting the lower ends of said convection tubes to thetubes of the furnace shaped boiler, the said convection tubesconstituting the sole downcomer for the boiler.

9. The combination with a furnace shaped tubular boiler having an upperdrum to which the tubes of the boiler are connected, substanant heat, ofa bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to .which the upper ends ofsaid convection tubes are connected, means connecting said first drumwith said'latter drum comprising a plurality of substantially horizontaltubes, and means connecting the lower ends of the said convection tubesto the tubes of the furnace shaped boiler. v

10. In combination a furnace shaped boiler the side walls of thecombustion chamber thereof including rows of substantially upright tubessubject to radiant heat, means connecting the upper ends of said rows oftubes to a common drum, a bank of convection tubes, an upper drum to.which the upper ends of 'said convection tubesare connected,

means connecting said first drum with said latter drum and meansconnecting the lower ends of the said convection tubes to the tubes ofthe furnace shaped boiler.

11. In combination a furnace shaped boiler the side walls of thecombustion chamber thereof including rows of substantially upright tubessubject to radiant heat, a drum signed my name.

JOHN VAN BRUNT.

tially all of said tubes being exposed to radi-

